Adat-based Conservation: Realizing The Rights of Nature and Ecological Citizenship of Gunung Merapi and Danau Sentarum Communities

Afkar Aristoteles Mukhaer

Penulis

Afkar Aristoteles Mukhaer Center for Religious and Cross-cultural Studies (CRCS), University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Kata Kunci:

Adat, Konservasi, Kewarganegaraan ekologis, Hak-hak alam, Inklusivitas

Abstrak

Masyarakat adat di Indonesia memiliki hubungan dengan alam di sekitarnya. Paradigma ini menjadikan alam seperti gunung, sungai, danau, laut, dan satwa liar sebagai subjek kehidupan yang memiliki hak yang sama dengan manusia. Gagasan ini dapat mendukung upaya konservasi yang lebih efisien dan efektif daripada hanya mengandalkan LSM. Dalam tulisan ini, saya menganalisis wacana tentang kewarganegaraan ekologis dan hak-hak alam yang dapat direpresentasikan oleh masyarakat adat sebagai upaya konservasi yang berbasis pada adat. Dari temuan tersebut, saya menemukan bahwa keberadaan masyarakat adat sangat penting dalam upaya konservasi dan memiliki keuntungan dalam efisiensi pengelolaan dan pendanaan upaya konservasi, tetapi keberadaan dan nilai-nilai adat mereka terpinggirkan dalam politik kewarganegaraan Indonesia. Sebagai upaya pengakuan kewarganegaraan ekologis dan hak-hak alam, temuan ini menyarankan perubahan besar dalam kerangka kewarganegaraan, politik, dan regulasi untuk inklusivitas di Indonesia dengan mendukung kedaulatan dan pengakuan sejati masyarakat adat dan religiusitasnya.

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